LAMP环境安装WordPress

WEB应用程序基础套件

  • 操作系统(linux)
  • WEB服务器(Apache Nginx)
  • 数据库(MySQL MariaDB PostgreSQL)
  • 应用开发语言(python php perl)

大量开源应用基于LAMP开发

  • wordpress
  • wiki
  • owncloud
  • phpmyadmin

安装LAMP(Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP)

  • 手动安装

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    sudo apt install apache2
    sudo apt install mysql-server
    sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql


    # 测试
    echo "<?php phpinfo();?>" >> /var/www/html/info.php

  • 自动安装

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    # 首先安装tasksel    它会自动打包安装软件
    sudo apt install tasksel

    sudo tasksel   # 选择想要安装的服务

WordPress介绍

  • 开源免费的个人博客系统
  • 全球1/3的个人博客采用
  • 基于LAMP开发
  • 开箱即用的个人建站首选

安装:

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wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar -xvf latest.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/

创建数据库

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create database wpdb;
create user 'wpuser'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
grant all on wpdb.* to 'wpuser'@'localhost';
flush privileges;

修改配置文件

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cd /var/www/html/wordpress/
cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php

sudo vi wp-config.php
# 修改库名 用户名  密码

虚拟主机

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cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/
sudo cp 000-default.conf myblog.conf
sudo vi myblog.conf
# 编辑配置文件

ServerName www.myblog.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/wordpress/

启用站点

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sudo a2ensite myblog.conf
sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf

# 重启服务
sudo systemctl reload apache2.sercice
sudo systemctl restart apache2.service

之后访问 http://www.myblog.com，进入WordPress管理界面，进行设置。

PhpMyAdmin

  • 基于WEB应用的MySQL管理应用

修改身份验证方式

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select user,host,plugin from mysql.user;

安装PhpMyAdmin

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sudo apt install phpmyadmin

修改apache2配置文件

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sudo vi /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

# 读取phpmyadmin，增加如下配置
Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

然后重启

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sudo systemctl restart apache2

这样就可以使用通过 web界面来管理数据库了 输入http://172.16.216.129/phpmyadmin/

安装prestashop 电商平台

  • 开源免费的电商平台系统
  • 全球有25万电商平台使用
  • 基于LAMP套件

安装依赖包

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sudo apt install php7.2-gd php7.2-xml php7.2-curl php7.2-zip

下载：

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wget https://download.prestashop.com/download/releases/prestashop_1.7.6.2.zip

sudo unzip prestashop_1.7.6.2.zip -d /var/www/html/myshop/

# 设置权限
sudo chown www-data:www-data -R myshop/

创建库

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create database myshop;
create user'myshopuser'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
grant all on myshop.* to 'myshopuser'@'localhost';
flush privileges;

配置

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cd /etc/apache2/sites-available
cp 000-defult.conf myshop.conf

sudo vi myshop.conf
# 编辑配置文件
ServerName www.myshop.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/myshop/

sudo a2enmod rewirte      # 加载rewrite模块
sudo a2ensite myshop.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
sudo systemctl restart apache2

LEMP环境安装NextCloud网盘

安装LEMP（Linux + Nginx + MySQL + PHP）

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sudo apt install nginx
sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

mysql_secure_installation

# LEMP必装模块：
sudo apt install php7.2 php7.2-fpm php7.2-mysql

# 安装nextcloud应用所需的模块
sudo apt install php7.2-mbstring php7.2-xml php7.2-gd php7.2-curl php-imagick php7.2-zip php7.2-bz2 php7.2-intl

# 修改配置文件
sudo vi /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini
# 启用配置，修改时区
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

配置Nginx

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sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
# 编写配置文件
index index.php
loaction ~\.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
}

测试

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cd /var/www/html

sudo vi info.php

# 写入
<?php phpinfo();?>

下载NextCloud

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wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-17.0.1.zip
sudo unzip nextcloud-17.0.1.zip -d /var/www/html/nextcloud/

# 更改权限
sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/www/html/nextcloud/ -R

创建库

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create database cloud;
create user user@localhost identified by 'password';
grant all privileges on cloud.* to user@localhost identified by 'password';
flush privileges;

自签名证书

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sudo openssl req -x509 -days 365 -sha256 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout /etc/ssl/private/cloud.key -out /etc/ssl/certs/cloud.pem

配置Nginx文件：

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cd /etc/nginx/sites-available/

# 新建配置文件
sudo vi mycloud.conf
# 写入配置
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.mycloud.com;
    return 301 https://www.mycloud.com$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/certs/cloud.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/cloud.key;
    
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
    add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
    add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;

    root /var/www/html/nextcloud/;

    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }

    location = /.well-known/carddav {
        return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
    }
    location = /.well-known/caldav {
       return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
    }

    location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
      allow all;
    }

    client_max_body_size 512M;
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

    gzip off;

    error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
    error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;

    location / {
       rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
    }

    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
       deny all;
    }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
       deny all;
     }

    location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
       include fastcgi_params;
       fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
       fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
       fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
       fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
       fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
       fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
       fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
       fastcgi_request_buffering off;
    }

    location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
       try_files $uri/ =404;
       index index.php;
    }

    location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
        add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
        add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
        access_log off;
   }

   location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
        access_log off;
   }
}



sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mycloud.conf  /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/mycloud.conf

创建储存数据的目录

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# 建议不要将data文件夹放于nextcloud目录中
sudo mkdir /var/www/html/data
sudo chown www-data:www-data -R /var/www/html/data/

web界面的配置

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先设置域名  http://www.mycloud.com

在界面设置用户名、密码、数据库名   储存数据目录

安装客户端：

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sudo add-apt-repository ppa:next-cloud-devs/client
sudo apt install nextcloud-client

基于web的远程管理和监控系统

cockpit

  • 基于web的远程管理应用
  • 将所有组件打包在一起
  • 不依赖单独部署的LAMP或LEMP
  • 可以通过一个web页面管理多台服务器

安装：

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sudo apt install cockpit cockpit-docker

访问方式：

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http://yourdomain.com:9090

官网地址：https://cockpit-project.org/

Netdata

  • 基于web建构的Linux系统 实时性能监视工具
  • 监控CPU、内存、硬盘、网络、进程、硬件
  • 占用系统资源少
  • 实时告警

安装依赖包

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sudo apt install git zlib1g-dev uuid-dev libmnl-dev gcc make autoconf autoconf-archive autogen automake pkg-config curl python python-yaml python-mysqldb python-psycopg2 nodejs lm-sensors netcat

安装：

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bash <(curl -Ss https://my-netdata.io/kickstart.sh)

# 或者
bash <(curl -Ss https://my-netdata.io/kickstart-static64.sh)

# 访问：
http://yourdomain.com:19999

页面展示：